MAP BRAZIL

DATA BRAZIL

Background : Following three centuries under the rule of Portugal, Brazil became an independent nation in 1822. By far the largest and most populous country in South America, Brazil has overcome more than half a century of military intervention in the governance of the country to pursue industrial and agricultural growth and development of the interior. Exploiting vast natural resources and a large labor pool, Brazil is today South America's leading economic power and a regional leader. Highly unequal income distribution remains a pressing problem.

Geography:
Surface Area : 8,5 million sq. Km Location: Eastern South America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean
Geographic coordinates: 10 00 S, 55 00 W
Map references: South America
Area: total: 8,511,965 sq km land: 8,456,510 sq km water: 55,455 sq km note: includes Arquipelago de Fernando de Noronha, Atol das Rocas, Ilha da Trindade, Ilhas Martin Vaz, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo
Area - comparative: slightly smaller than the US
Land boundaries: total: 14,691 km border countries: Argentina 1,224 km, Bolivia 3,400 km, Colombia 1,643 km, French Guiana 673 km, Guyana 1,119 km, Paraguay 1,290 km, Peru 1,560 km, Suriname 597 km, Uruguay 985 km, Venezuela 2,200 km
Coastline: 7,491 km
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to edge of the continental margin
Climate: mostly tropical, but temperate in south
Terrain: mostly flat to rolling lowlands in north; some plains, hills, mountains, and narrow coastal belt
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Pico da Neblina 3,014 m
Natural resources: bauxite, gold, iron ore, manganese, nickel, phosphates, platinum, tin, uranium, petroleum, hydropower, timber
Land use: arable land: 6.96% permanent crops: 0.9% other: 92.15%
Irrigated land: 26,560 sq km Internal freshwater resources per capita : 30,680.2 cubic meters
Natural hazards: recurring droughts in northeast; floods and occasional frost in south
Environment - current issues: deforestation in Amazon Basin destroys the habitat and endangers a multitude of plant and animal species indigenous to the area; there is a lucrative illegal wildlife trade; air and water pollution in Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, and several other large cities; land degradation and water pollution caused by improper mining activities; wetland degradation; severe oil spills
Environment - international agreements: party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note: largest country in South America; shares common boundaries with every South American country except Chile and Ecuador

People:
Population : 184.192.005 (07/27/2005 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 26.6% (male 24,915,902; female 23,966,713) 15-64 years: 67.6% (male 61,739,012; female 62,770,480) 65 years and over: 5.8% (male 4,389,659; female 6,319,343)
Death rate: 6.14 deaths/1,000 population
Net migration rate: -0.03 migrant(s)/1,000 population
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 71.41 years -> male: 67.45 years female: 75.57 years
Total fertility rate: 1.97 children born/woman
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.7%
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 660,000
HIV/AIDS - deaths: 15,000
Nationality: noun: Brazilian(s) adjective: Brazilian
Ethnic groups: white (includes Portuguese, German, Italian, Spanish, Polish) 55%, mixed white and black 38%, black 6%, other (includes Japanese, Arab, Amerindian) 1%
Religions: Roman Catholic (nominal) 80%
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 86.4% male :86.1% female: 86.6% Population growth rate : 1.2% Birth rate : 17.67 births/1,000 population Prevalence of HIV : 0,7% of population aged 15-49 Total fertility rate: 2.1 children born/woman Infant mortality rate : 35.0 per 1,000 children -> male: 34.47 deaths/1,000 live births female: 26.65 deaths/1,000 live births Under 5 mortality rate : 35 per 1,000 children Child immunization, measles - % of under 12 : 99.0 Primary completation rate, total - % age group : 112.0

Economy:
GNI, Atlas Method – current US$ : 479,5 billion GNI per capita, Atlas method – current US$ : 2,720.0 GDP: current $ - $492,3 billion GDP growth – annual %: -0,2% GDP implicit price deflator – annual % growth : 12,8% GDP – composition by sector: agriculture: 5,8%
industry: 19,1%
services: 75,1% Exports of goods and services - % of GDP : 16,9 Imports of goods and services - % of GDP : 13,1 Gross capital formation - % of GDP : 17,8 Trade and finance Trade in goods as a share of GDP: 25,1% High-technology exports (% of manufactures exports): 12,0 Net barter terms of trade: 97 Foreign Direct investments, net inflows in reporting country: 10,1 billion (current US$) Present value of debit (current US$): 254,1 billion Total debit service (% of exports of goods and services): 63,8 Short-term debt outstanding (current US$): 19,6 billion Aid per capita (current US$): 1,7

Communication:
Fixed Lines and mobile telephones : 486,5 per 1,000 people Personal computers : 74,8 per 1,000 people Internet users: 14.3 million Telephones - main lines in use: 38.81 million
Telephones - mobile cellular: 46,373,300
Telephone system: general assessment: good working system domestic: extensive microwave radio relay system and a domestic satellite system with 64 earth stations international: country code - 55; 3 coaxial submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic Ocean region east), connected by microwave relay system to Mercosur Brazilsat B3 satellite earth station
Internet country code: .br

Transportation:
Railways: total: 29,412 km (1,610 km electrified) broad gauge: 4,907 km 1.600-m gauge (942 km electrified) standard gauge: 194 km 1.440-m gauge narrow gauge: 23,915 km 1.000-m gauge (581 km electrified) dual gauge: 396 km 1.000-m and 1.600-m gauges (three rails) (78 km electrified)
Highways: total: 1,724,929 km paved: 94,871 km unpaved: 1,630,058 km
Waterways: 50,000 km (most in areas remote from industry and population)
Pipelines: condensate/gas 243 km; gas 10,984 km; liquid petroleum gas 341 km; oil 5,113 km; refined products 4,800 km
Ports and harbors: Belem, Fortaleza, Ilheus, Imbituba, Manaus, Paranagua, Porto Alegre, Recife, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande, Salvador, Santos, Vitoria
Merchant marine: total: 151 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 2,961,431 GRT/4,725,267 DWT by type: bulk 29, cargo 22, chemical tanker 7, combination ore/oil 6, container 12, liquefied gas 12, multi-functional large load carrier 1, passenger/cargo 5, petroleum tanker 48, roll on/roll off 8, short-sea/passenger 1 foreign-owned: Chile 2, Germany 7, Monaco 9, Panama 1, Spain 7 registered in other countries: 11
Airports: 3,803
Airports - with paved runways: total: 677 over 3,047 m: 7 2,438 to 3,047 m: 23 1,524 to 2,437 m: 157 914 to 1,523 m: 445 under 914 m: 45
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 3,126 1,524 to 2,437 m: 75 914 to 1,523 m: 1,434 under 914 m: 1,617
Heliports: 417

Source: World Development Indicators database, April 2005

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